{"id":82,"date":"2021-11-28T20:50:07","date_gmt":"2021-11-28T20:50:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zerotobyte.com\/?p=82"},"modified":"2021-12-20T14:40:42","modified_gmt":"2021-12-20T14:40:42","slug":"how-to-calculate-python-square-root","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zerotobyte.com\/how-to-calculate-python-square-root\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Calculate Python Square Root?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>The square root<\/strong> of a given number x is a number that multiplied by itself gives x. Mathematically, the roots of x<sup>2<\/sup>&nbsp; are x and -x.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In this article, the focus will be on the temporal analysis of the square root in python using a variety of methods.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Time analysis is calculated using decorator @time_decorator. All values are displayed in nanoseconds (ns).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Square roots using python<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Every positive number has 2 square roots<\/strong> (positive and negative). In this blog post, we consider both positive and negative integers and their result.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Why are we even talking about roots? The roots have always been computationally difficult to compute (in time). With newer and more powerful CPUs this problem has been reduced to a minimum.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are multiple methods of computing these roots.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We will try to explore the differences between each and give some understandable summary using python.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So what is a square root in python? <strong>The square root in python is a number that multiplied by itself gives a squared number.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In this blog post,<strong> we will consider 5 methods<\/strong> and they are summarized here,&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Each of these methods has some advantages depending on the use case.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>math: <code class=\"inline-code-style\">math.sqrt(x)<\/code><\/li><li>cmath: <code class=\"inline-code-style\">cmath.sqrt(x)<\/code><\/li><li>** operator (power operator): <code class=\"inline-code-style\">x**0.5<\/code><\/li><li>NumPy: <code class=\"inline-code-style\">numpy.sqrt(x)<\/code><\/li><li>pow: <code class=\"inline-code-style\">pow(x, 0.5)<\/code><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;For basic usage consider math library.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The pros and cons of every method are described here.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Python square root using math library<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Math module is one of the most used libraries within python. <\/strong>By default, a variety of methods is defined for more or less all the mathematical functions used. One of those methods is sqrt().<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>According to the documentation, <strong><code class=\"inline-code-style\">sqrt(x)<\/code> returns the rooted number x<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Example 1.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">import math\n\t\nx = math.sqrt(4)\nprint(f\"The square root of 4 = {x} and type of x is {type(x).__name__}\")\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"raw\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">Output: The square root of 4 = 2.0 and type of x is float<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>As you can see<strong> <code class=\"inline-code-style\">math.sqrt(x)<\/code> returns the float by default.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Let\u2019s look at the following python square root example.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Example 2.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">import math\n\t\nx = math.sqrt(-4)\nprint(f\"The square root of -4 = {x} and type of x is {type(x).__name__}\")\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"raw\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">Output: ValueError: math domain error<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Math module does not support rooting negative numbers<\/strong> and ValueError occurs. Rooting zero works as intended as it returns 0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.python.org\/3\/library\/math.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Math library documentation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Time analysis of math.sqrt function<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>As already mentioned python square roots time analysis will be displayed in nanoseconds (ns) to be as accurate as possible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Example 1.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">@time_decorator\ndef math_lib_time_example(number):\n\treturn math.sqrt(number)\n\nprint(f\"The square root of 4 = {math_lib_time_example(4)}\")\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"raw\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">Output:\nTotal execution time: 2669 ns\nThe square root of 4 = 2.0<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Execution time can and must vary depending on the computer&#8217;s specifications.<\/strong> In my example, during one execution, the execution time lasted 2669 ns.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The average execution time based on 100 executions is 2354 ns.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Python square root using cmath library<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Cmath is an extension of the standard math module<\/strong> that supports working with complex numbers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Example 1.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">import cmath\n\t\nx = cmath.sqrt(4)\nprint(f\"The square root of 4 = {x} and type of x is {type(x).__name__}\")\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"raw\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">Output: The square root of 4 = (2+0j) and type of x is complex<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><code class=\"inline-code-style\">cmath.sqrt(x)<\/code> returns complex by default.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Let\u2019s look at the following python square root example.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Example 2.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">import cmath\n\t\nx = cmath.sqrt(-4)\nprint(f\"The square root of -4 = {x} and type of x is {type(x).__name__}\")\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"raw\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">Output: The square root of -4 = 2j and type of x is complex<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Here, unlike the standard math module, there is no ValueError.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.python.org\/3\/library\/cmath.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Cmath library documentation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Time analysis of cmath.sqrt function<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Example 1.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">@time_decorator\ndef cmath_lib_time_example(number):\n\treturn cmath.sqrt(number)\n\nprint(f\"The square root of 4 = {cmath_lib_time_example(4)}\u201d)\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"raw\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">Output: \nTotal execution time: 16665 ns\nThe square root of 4 = (2+0j)<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The average execution time based on 100 executions is 14085 ns.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Python square root using ** operator<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The Double star operator (**) is one of Python&#8217;s built-in arithmetic operators<\/strong>. In the official python documentation also referred to as the power operator. It works similarly to the pow function that we will cover in the next section.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Example 1.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">x = 4 ** 0.5\nprint(f\"The square root of 4 = {x} and type of x is {type(x).__name__}\")\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"raw\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">Output: The square root of 4 = 2.0 and type of x is float<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>If we root a positive number we get a float as a result.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Let&#8217;s look at what happens when we root a negative number:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Example 2.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">x =(-4)**0.5   #parentheses are important because ** operator has an advantage over multiplication\nprint(f\"The square root of -4 = {x} and type of x is {type(x).__name__}\")\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"raw\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">Output: The square root of -4 = (1.2246467991473532e-16+2j) and type of x is complex<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Here we get a complex number<\/strong> as with the cmath module but a slightly different result, interesting? \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Time analysis of ** operator<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Example 1.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">@time_decorator\ndef double_star_time_example(number):\n\treturn number**0.5\n\nprint(f\"The square root of 4 = {double_star_time_example(4)})\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"raw\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">Output: \nTotal execution time: 10332 ns\nThe square root of 4 = 2.0<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The average execution time based on 100 executions is 11069 ns.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Python square root using NumPy<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Numpy is a popular library for mathematical calculations in python.<\/strong> Numpy offers all kinds of data manipulation tools and built-in functions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We will focus on <code class=\"inline-code-style\">numpy.sqrt(x)<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Example 1.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">import numpy\n\t\nx = numpy.sqrt(4)\nprint(f\"The square root of 4 = {x} and type of x is {type(x).__name__}\")\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"raw\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">Output: The square root of 4 = 2.0 and type of x is float64<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><code class=\"inline-code-style\">numpy.sqrt(x)<\/code> returns the float64 class by default.<\/strong> Float64 is a NumPy class built into the NumPy library.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Let\u2019s look at the following python square root example in NumPy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Example 2.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">import numpy\n\t\nx = numpy.sqrt(-4)\nprint(f\"The square root of -4 = {x} and type of x is {type(x).__name__}\")\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"raw\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">Output: \nRuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in sqrt x = numpy.sqrt(-4)\nThe square root of -4 = nan and type of x is float64<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>This method does not support negative numbers but does not throw an error but a warning.<\/strong> The return value is, therefore, nan (not a number) of class float64.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/numpy.org\/doc\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">NumPy documentation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Time analysis of numpy.sqrt function<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Example 1.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">@time_decorator\ndef numpy_time_example(number):\n\treturn numpy.sqrt(number)\n\nprint(f\"The square root of 4 = {numpy_time_example(4)}\")\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"raw\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">Output:\nTotal execution time: 5912 ns\nThe square root of 4 = 2.0<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The average execution time based on 100 executions is 6099 ns.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Python square root using pow<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>As we have already mentioned the <strong>pow function works similarly to the ** operator<\/strong>, so let\u2019s compare results.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Example 1.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">x = pow(4, 0.5)\nprint(f\"The square root of 4 = {x} and type of x is {type(x).__name__}\")\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"raw\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">Output: The square root of 4 = 2.0 and type of x is float<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>As you can see<strong> <code class=\"inline-code-style\">pow(x)<\/code> returns float by default.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Let\u2019s look at the following python square root example.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Example 2.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">x = pow(-4, 0.5)\nprint(f\"The square root of -4 = {x} and type of x is {type(x).__name__}\")\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"raw\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">Output: The square root of -4 = (1.2246467991473532e-16+2j) and type of x is complex<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Same result as double star (**) operator \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We expect similar time analysis results but let\u2019s check just in case.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.python.org\/3\/library\/functions.html#pow\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Pow function documentation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Time analysis of pow<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Example 1.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">@time_decorator\ndef pow_time_example(number):\n\treturn pow(number, 0.5)\n\t\nprint(f\"The square root of 4 = {pow_time_example(4)}\u201d)\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"raw\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">Output: \nTotal execution time: 11561 ns\nThe square root of 4 = 2.0<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The average execution time based on 100 executions is 10883 ns.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We see that the temporal analysis also showed that the pow and ** operators are the same things.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Summary<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In this section, I will make a comparison of all 5 methods of calculating python square root.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><\/td><td><strong>Speed (based on 100 iterations) in ns<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Complex numbers<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Need to install library?<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>math.sqrt<\/strong><\/td><td>2354<\/td><td>Doesn\u2019t support complex numbers, ValueError<\/td><td>Built-in function<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>cmath.sqrt<\/strong><\/td><td>14085<\/td><td>Supported<\/td><td>Built-in function<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>**<\/strong><\/td><td>11069<\/td><td>Supported<\/td><td>Built-in operator<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>numpy.sqrt<\/strong><\/td><td>6099<\/td><td>Not supported, but it doesn\u2019t crash<\/td><td>Requires installation&nbsp;of <a href=\"https:\/\/pypi.org\/project\/numpy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">NumPy<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>pow<\/strong><\/td><td>10883<\/td><td>Supported<\/td><td>Built-in function<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Personally, for calculating square roots in python, I would use the math library.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Math library turns out to be most time-efficient while containing the same complexity of usage.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In case we need complex numbers, I would use cmath library for the reason that it outputs the result in a slightly nicer format than ** operator and pow().<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-verse\">System specs:\n\nCPU: Intel\u00ae Core\u2122 i5-7200U CPU @ 2.50GHz \u00d7 4\nGPU: NV117 \/ Mesa Intel\u00ae HD Graphics 620\nRAM: 8GB\n\nPython 3.8.10\n[GCC 9.3.0] on Linux<\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The square root of a given number x is a number that multiplied by itself gives x. Mathematically, the roots &#8230; <\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more-container\"><a title=\"How to Calculate Python Square Root?\" class=\"read-more button\" href=\"https:\/\/zerotobyte.com\/how-to-calculate-python-square-root\/#more-82\" aria-label=\"More on How to Calculate Python Square Root?\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":540,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[5,6],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How to Calculate Python Square Root? - ZeroToByte<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn how to calculate square root in Python using best practices. 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