{"id":1421,"date":"2022-05-26T21:04:38","date_gmt":"2022-05-26T21:04:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zerotobyte.com\/?p=1421"},"modified":"2022-05-26T21:04:39","modified_gmt":"2022-05-26T21:04:39","slug":"django-redirect-explained","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zerotobyte.com\/django-redirect-explained\/","title":{"rendered":"Django Redirect Explained"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>When building a Django web application, sometimes you\u2019ll need to redirect a client request from the requested URL address to another URL address. In this article, we\u2019ll see how to get the best out of Django redirect functionality.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you came here just to remind yourself how to use the Django redirect, here\u2019s a short snippet you can use.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\"># views.py\nfrom django.shortcuts import redirect\n\ndef redirect_view(request):\n    return redirect('\/redirect-to-this-url\/')<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Now, let\u2019s see what are redirects, when to use them and how to implement them in Django.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How do redirects work?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>A URL redirect is a type of an HTTP response with a special status code that indicates the requested resource is on another URL location.<\/strong> That way, the client knows where to send the request to retrieve the resource. HTTP redirect can be recognized by a status code starting with <strong>3xx<\/strong>, for example, <strong>301 (Moved Permanently)<\/strong> or <strong>302 (Found)<\/strong>. This range of status codes is also known as the <a href=\"https:\/\/developer.mozilla.org\/en-US\/docs\/Web\/HTTP\/Status#redirection_messages\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">redirection status codes<\/a> (300-399).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You can see how the redirection generally works in the image below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/zerotobyte.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/django-redirect.png\" alt=\"Django redirect cycle example.\" class=\"wp-image-1422\" width=\"562\" height=\"342\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zerotobyte.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/django-redirect.png 749w, https:\/\/zerotobyte.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/django-redirect-300x183.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 562px) 100vw, 562px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>You may ask yourself when redirects are actually used. In modern web development, it\u2019s pretty common to use redirects in various use-cases, for example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>When the unauthenticated user tries to open the protected page,<\/li><li>When the user successfully signs in,<\/li><li>When a form has been filled and successfully submitted,<\/li><li>When URL shorteners are used, etc.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>As you may notice, the redirection logic greatly depends on the case you are solving, but using Django\u2019s redirect mechanisms in most situations will be enough.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Temporary and Permanent redirects<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Generally, there are two types of redirects you should know about in most cases: temporary and permanent.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Temporary redirect, represented by the status code 302 (Found), indicates that the requested resource is at the other location at the moment of receiving the request.<\/strong> It means the client will try to resend the request to the other location that was returned as a Location in the HTTP redirect response.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On the other hand, <strong>a permanent redirect indicates that the requested resource has been moved to another location permanently and will never be returned to the original location.<\/strong> Permanent redirects are marked with status code 301 (Moved Permanently). The difference is how the client browser handles this type of redirect. It caches the new location, so it will directly request the resource from the new location next time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-verse\"><strong>WARNING<\/strong> - Use permanent redirects only if you know what you are doing since it can be pretty hard to make a client browser use the original location again.<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How to use the Django redirect?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>This section will go through different ways of implementing the URL redirection inside a Django web application, such as using the:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><code>HttpResponse<\/code> with custom parameters,<\/li><li><code>redirect()<\/code> function,<\/li><li><code>HttpResponseRedirect<\/code>, and <code>HttpResponsePermanentRedirect<\/code> classes,<\/li><li><code>RedirectView<\/code> class-based view<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-verse\"><strong>NOTE<\/strong> - The result of using methods listed above is same, but it is good to know different ways of achieving the desired outcome.<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Before continuing, let\u2019s assume that the URL configuration inside the <strong>urls.py<\/strong> looks like this.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\"># urls.py\nfrom django.urls import path\n\nfrom .views import redirect_view, new_url_view\n\nurlpatterns = [\n    path('\/original-url\/', redirect_view)\n]<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">HttpResponse with custom parameters<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>To return the HTTP response from a Django, you\u2019ll probably want to use the <code>HttpResponse<\/code> from the <code>django.http<\/code> module. In <a href=\"https:\/\/zerotobyte.com\/http-response-django-explained-with-examples\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">this post<\/a>, you can learn what is and how to use the <code>HttpResponse<\/code>. Note that the <strong>HttpResponse can be configured with different parameters<\/strong> that define the exact type of the HTTP response.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Two parameters need to be configured to define an HTTP redirect successfully. The first one is a <strong>status code<\/strong> that needs to be represented by the 3xx code. The second one is the <strong>Location header<\/strong> which indicates the location to which the client will need to resend the request.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\"># views.py\nfrom django.http import HttpResponse\n\ndef redirect_view(request):\n    response = HttpResponse(status=302)\n    response['Location'] = '\/new-url\/'\n    return response<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Now if you send the GET request to the <code>\/original-url<\/code>, the HTTP redirect with the <strong>302<\/strong> status code will be returned, pointing to the <code>\/new-url<\/code> address. This will trigger the client to perform an automatic request directly to the <code>\/new-url<\/code> URL address.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">HttpResponseRedirect and HttpResponsePermanentRedirect<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>To simplify further, Django introduced a few subclasses extending the <code>HttpResponse<\/code> class. The ones that we need are the <code>HttpResponseRedirect<\/code> and <code>HttpResponsePermanentRedirect<\/code>.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>HttpResponseRedirect<\/code> overrides the status code to <strong>302<\/strong>, and <code>HttpResponsePermanentRedirect<\/code>&#8211; overrides the status code to <strong>301<\/strong> &#8211; it\u2019s as easy as that.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The usage is also simple; you need to import it from the <code>django.http<\/code> module and instantiate it with the URL you want to redirect to as the first argument.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\"># views.py\nfrom django.http import HttpResponseRedirect, HttpResponsePermanentRedirect\n\ndef redirect_view(request):\n    return HttpResponseRedirect('\/new-url\/')\n\ndef permanent_redirect_view(request):\n    return HttpResponsePermanentRedirect('\/new-url\/')<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Since hardcoding URLs is not the best practice, you can use the <code>reverse()<\/code> function from the <code>django.urls<\/code> module to build a URL. You need to pass the name of the view as the first argument to the function, and Django will take care of correctly building the full URL path.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Let\u2019s assume that you\u2019ve given a name to the <code>\/new-url<\/code> endpoint, like in the example below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\"># urls.py\nfrom django.urls import path\n\nfrom .views import new_url_view\n\nurlpatterns = [\n    ...,\n    path('\/new-url\/', new_url_view, name='new-url-location')\n]<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Now to redirect to the new location successfully you could do it like in the example below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\"># views.py\nfrom django.urls import reverse\nfrom django.http import HttpResponseRedirect, HttpResponsePermanentRedirect\n\ndef redirect_view(request):\n    return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('new-url-location'))\n\ndef permanent_redirect_view(request):\n    return HttpResponsePermanentRedirect(reverse('new-url-location'))<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">redirect() function<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Even simpler way to redirect an incoming request is by using the <code>redirect()<\/code> method provided in the <code>django.shortcuts<\/code> module. <strong>It wraps the functionality of HttpResponseRedirect or HttpResponsePermanentRedirect classes<\/strong> depending on whether the permanent argument is set to <strong>True<\/strong> or <strong>False<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To define a redirect location, you must pass an argument that can be one of the following:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>a model instance with the <code>get_absolute_url()<\/code> method defined,<\/li><li>a view name that will be used to reverse-build the URL,<\/li><li>an absolute or relative URL<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Before diving into examples, let\u2019s assume that the <code>new-url\/<\/code> address is defined under the view with the name: <code>new-url-location<\/code> (like in the previous section). Also, in the <strong>models.py<\/strong> we have a <strong>Book<\/strong> model that implements the <code>get_absolute_url()<\/code> method.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Let\u2019s see it in action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">from django.urls import reverse\nfrom django.shortcuts import redirect\n\ndef model_redirect_view(request):\n    book = Book.objects.get(pk=1)\n    return redirect(book)\n\ndef hardcoded_redirect_view(request):\n    return redirect('\/new-url\/')\n\ndef reversed_redirect_view(request):\n    return redirect(reverse('new-url-location'))\n\ndef permanent_redirect_view(request):\n    return redirect(reverse('new-url-location'), permanent=True)<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The RedirectView Class-Based View<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>When the only requirement of a view function is to redirect the user, you can use the <code>django.views.generic.base.RedirectView<\/code> class-based view. There are various attributes and methods that allow you to configure the <code>RedirectView<\/code> by your needs:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>url<\/strong> &#8211; URL to which the redirect will be performed.<\/li><li><strong>pattern_name<\/strong> &#8211; name of a URL pattern to redirect to.<\/li><li><strong>permanent<\/strong> &#8211; boolean that defines if the redirect is permanent or not.<\/li><li><strong>query_string<\/strong> &#8211; boolean that defines whether the provided query string will be appended to the redirect URL.<\/li><li><strong>get_redirect_url()<\/strong> &#8211; method responsible for building the redirect URL. You can implement a custom redirect logic by overwriting it.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>To use the <code>RedirectView<\/code>, you first need to import it from <code>django.views.generic.base<\/code> module and then subclass it with your own class-based view. In the example below, we subclass the <code>RedirectView<\/code> with the new <code>ExampleRedirectView<\/code> view. By setting the <strong>url<\/strong> attribute, we tell Django where to redirect the request.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\"># views.py\nfrom django.views.generic.base import RedirectView\n\nclass ExampleRedirectView(RedirectView):\n  url = '\/new-url\/'<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>In <strong>urls.py<\/strong> we need to wire the original URL path to the newly created class-based view so the redirect can be performed. Now when the client sends the request to the <code>original-url\/<\/code>, Django will redirect it to <code>new-url\/<\/code> URL address.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\"># urls.py\nfrom django.urls import path\nfrom .views import ExampleRedirectView\n\nurlpatterns = [\n    path('\/original-url\/', ExampleRedirectView.as_view())\n]<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Summary<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>There are four different methods of making Django redirect the original request to another location, either by using:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>the HttpResponse with custom parameters,<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>the HttpResponseRedirect and HttpResponsePermanentRedirect,<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>the redirect() function,<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Or the RedirectView class-based view<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Django uses one of the function-based or class-based redirect views to redirect to a specified URL address. The redirect can be permanent (301 status code) and non-permanent (302 status code.)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>When building a Django web application, sometimes you\u2019ll need to redirect a client request from the requested URL address to &#8230; <\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more-container\"><a title=\"Django Redirect Explained\" class=\"read-more button\" href=\"https:\/\/zerotobyte.com\/django-redirect-explained\/#more-1421\" aria-label=\"More on Django Redirect Explained\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[8],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Django Redirect Explained - ZeroToByte<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"See how to get the best out of Django redirect functionality and learn to properly redirect incoming requests.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/zerotobyte.com\/django-redirect-explained\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Django Redirect Explained - 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